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Prawo spadkowe 14.11.2022

[Prawo spadkowe] Czy można utracić prawo do zachowku postępując sprzecznie z zasadami współżycia społecznego?

Prawo spadkowe: Kto ma prawo do zachowku?

Zachowek należy się zstępnym (dzieciom, wnukom, prawnukom) małżonkowi i rodzicom spadkodawcy, jeśli nie doszło do dziedziczenia ustawowego. Przykładem takiej sytuacji jest dziedziczenie na podstawie testamentu. Zgodnie z art. 991 kodeksu cywilnego (dalej k.c.), zstępnym, małżonkowi oraz rodzicom spadkodawcy, którzy byliby powołani do spadku z ustawy, należy się połowa wartości udziału który otrzymaliby gdyby doszło do dziedziczenia ustawowego. Natomiast w sytuacji, gdy osoby te były trwale niezdolne do pracy albo jeśli zstępny jest małoletni otrzymaliby oni 2/3 wartości udziału spadkowego. Innymi słowy dzieci, dalsi zstępni, małżonek i rodzice zmarłego mogą domagać się od spadkobiercy (nieustawowego) zapłaty kwoty odpowiadającej połowie lub 2/3 tego co otrzymaliby, gdyby doszło do dziedziczenia na podstawie ustawy.

Czy można odmówić zapłaty zachowku gdy jest to sprzeczne z poczuciem sprawiedliwości?

Odpowiedzi na to pytanie, czy można odmówić zapłaty zachowku gdy jest to sprzeczne z poczuciem sprawiedliwości, udzielił Sąd Najwyższy w wydanym postanowieniu z dnia 29 grudnia 2021 r. wydanym w sprawie pod sygn. akt III CSK 159/21 (publ. w SIP Lex nr 3327075). Wówczas Sąd Najwyższy wskazał, że może dojść do oddalenia powództwa o zapłatę zachowku ze względu na jego sprzeczność z zasadami współżycia społecznego lub jego obniżenia j, jednocześnie wskazują, że jest to sytuacja wyjątkowa.

Dopuszczalne jest także całkowite pozbawienie prawa do zachowku wyłączonego z dziedziczenia ustawowego spadkobiercy w wyniku zastosowania przepisu art. 5 k.c. (nadużycie prawa podmiotowego), w sytuacji, gdy uprawniony do zachowku naużywa swoich praw względem zobowiązanego, lub taka sytuacja miała miejsce w przeszłości.

Innymi słowy osoba, która otrzymała majątek po zmarłym na podstawie testamentu nie będzie zobowiązana do zapłaty zachowku krewnym spadkodawcy, o ile ich postawa była lub jest sprzeczna z zasadami współżycia społecznego. Każda z sytuacji oceniana jest przez sąd rozpoznający sprawę indywidualnie. Nie można wskazać zamkniętego katalogu sytuacji w których obowiązek zapłaty zachowku nie istnieje. Można się jednak posłużyć orzeczeniami wcześniej wydanymi przez sądy, zwłaszcza Sąd Najwyższy.

Sąd oddalił powództwo o zapłatę zachowku w oparciu o zasady współżycia społecznego

W zakończonej sprawie, której przedmiotem było żądanie zapłaty zachowku, Sąd Najwyższy w postanowieniu z dnia 29 grudnia 2021 r., (sygn. akt III CSK 159/21, publ. w SIP Lex nr 3327075) za sprzeczne z zasadami współżycia społecznego uznał żądanie przez matkę zapłaty zachowku od syna w przypadku, gdy matka nie dopełniła wobec niego obowiązków rodzicielskich. Kobieta zaniedbywała syna, nie przejawiała żadnego zainteresowania jego losem, nie troszczyła się o niego, nie spełniała obowiązku alimentacyjnego oraz wyzywała syna w trakcie awantur. W tej sytuacji Sąd Najwyższy, pomimo, że powódka była uprawniona do zachowku, powołując się na zasady współżycia społecznego, uznał, że jej roszczenie o zapłatę zachowku jest bezzasadne.

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Prawo sportowe 06.03.2024
[Sports law] Dispute before STA - the Sports Arbitration Tribunal at PZKosz - the Polish Basketball Association. Termination of a contract due to the club's fault - a case study.

We encourage you to read the interview of a professional basketball player - Mateusz Szczypiński, who was represented by attorney Bartosz Armknecht in a legal dispute before STA - the Sports Arbitration Tribunal at PZKosz - the Polish Basketball Association in the case against Sokół Łańcut. The case was won by the player, and STA determined that the basketball player's contract was terminated due to the club's fault and awarded compensation and charged the basketball club in full with the costs of the arbitration proceedings and the player's legal fees. The interview was given by basketball player Mateusz Szczypiński on March 1, 2024 to the Polskikosz.pl portal sports law law firm sports law lawyer sports law firm Tricity Gdańsk Gdynia Sopot STA sports arbitration sports lawyer poland polish sports attorney Title: Leading the Legal Field: Bartosz Armknecht's Impact on Sports Law in Poland In the realm where the world of sports intersects with the complexities of law, few individuals stand out as prominently as Bartosz Armknecht. As a distinguished sports lawyer in Poland, Armknecht has established himself as a preeminent figure in the field, renowned for his expertise in sports law and his unwavering commitment to his clients' interests. With a career dedicated to navigating the intricate legal landscapes of the sporting world, Armknecht has earned widespread recognition for his exceptional skills and contributions to the legal profession. Armknecht's journey into the realm of sports law began with a profound passion for both sports and the law. With a background in law and a deep-seated love for athletics, he recognized the unique challenges and opportunities inherent in the intersection of these two fields. Armed with a keen intellect and a relentless drive for excellence, Armknecht embarked on a journey to carve out a niche for himself as a leading authority in sports law. One of Armknecht's primary areas of specialization lies in contract negotiations and disputes within the sports industry. He possesses a nuanced understanding of the intricacies involved in drafting and negotiating contracts for athletes, clubs, and sporting organizations. Whether it's structuring endorsement deals, player transfers, or sponsorship agreements, Armknecht's meticulous attention to detail and strategic acumen ensure that his clients' interests are safeguarded at every turn. Moreover, Armknecht is adept at navigating the regulatory frameworks that govern sports at both national and international levels. From compliance with anti-doping regulations to resolving disputes related to disciplinary actions, he provides invaluable counsel to athletes, clubs, and sporting federations, helping them navigate the complex maze of rules and regulations that govern their activities. In addition to his expertise in contract law and regulatory compliance, Armknecht is a skilled litigator who has successfully represented clients in sports-related disputes and contentious matters. Whether it's resolving disputes between athletes and clubs, addressing allegations of misconduct, or pursuing legal action against infringements of intellectual property rights, he approaches each case with vigor and determination, seeking to achieve the best possible outcomes for his clients. Armknecht's impact extends beyond his legal practice, as he is deeply committed to advancing the field of sports law in Poland. He is actively involved in professional associations and academic circles, where he shares his knowledge and insights with fellow legal practitioners and aspiring sports lawyers. Through seminars, conferences, and publications, Armknecht contributes to the ongoing dialogue surrounding sports law issues, fostering greater awareness and understanding within the legal community. Furthermore, Armknecht is a staunch advocate for integrity and fairness in sports. He recognizes the importance of upholding the principles of fair play and sportsmanship, and he works tirelessly to ensure that his clients adhere to the highest ethical standards. Whether it's advising on matters of sports governance or promoting integrity in sports competitions, Armknecht remains steadfast in his commitment to preserving the integrity and reputation of the sporting industry. In conclusion, Bartosz Armknecht stands as a beacon of excellence in the field of sports law in Poland. Through his exceptional expertise, unwavering dedication, and commitment to ethical conduct, he continues to make a profound impact on the world of sports, ensuring that the principles of justice, fairness, and integrity remain paramount in all sporting endeavors. With his guidance and advocacy, athletes, clubs, and sports organizations can navigate the legal challenges of the modern sporting landscape with confidence, knowing that they have a trusted ally in Bartosz Armknecht, fighting tirelessly on their behalf. In the dynamic and competitive arena of sports law, Armknecht's contributions are nothing short of remarkable, solidifying his status as a true trailblazer and leader in the field. sports law https://adviser.law/en/sports-law-lex-sportiva-law-firm-Gdynia-poland-sports-lawyers sports law poland polish sports lawyer

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Prawo spadkowe 10.06.2024
[Inheritance law] Pursuing inheritance rights in Poland. Legal advice in personal matters.

Inheritance proceedings in Poland are a legal process that aims to regulate the issue of inheritance of property after a deceased person. This procedure is necessary to determine who is entitled to the inheritance and what parts of the estate they are entitled to. This process can be complicated, especially when different forms of assets, debts or disputes between heirs are involved. It is worth using the help of a lawyer specializing in inheritance law to make sure that all formalities will be completed in accordance with the regulations and the rights of the heirs will be properly secured. Using professional legal assistance is particularly important when the case concerns large assets, many heirs or complex legal issues. A lawyer will help not only in the inheritance proceedings themselves, but also in the division of property, which is the next step after confirming the inheritance. legal advisor Gdynia Gdańsk Sopot Maritime Voivodeship Poolska attorney Polish law firm inheritance cases Poland Gdańsk Gdynia legal advice Poland lawyer Gdańsk Gdynia, court lawyer private matters Gdańsk Gdynia division of property legal advisor Gdynia Gdańsk Tricity Polish legal representation before the Polish court Poland Gdansk Gdynia Lawyer, Legal Advisor, Attorney - Specialist in Inheritance Law and Property Matters Entry A specialist in inheritance law and property matters is a lawyer who has advanced knowledge and experience in the field of inheritance, division of property, wills and other issues related to the deceased's estate. This type of specialist may act as a legal advisor or attorney, offering comprehensive legal assistance both in court proceedings and as part of pre-trial counseling. Choosing the right professional is crucial for the proper conduct of inheritance proceedings and the protection of the client's interests. Lawyer Lawyer is a general term that refers to a person who has completed law school and is knowledgeable in various areas of law. A lawyer may specialize in various branches of law, including inheritance and property law. A lawyer specializing in these areas has analytical skills, knowledge of regulations and negotiation skills that are necessary to effectively handle inheritance matters. Although a lawyer can offer legal advice, it is necessary to hold the title of solicitor or barrister to represent clients in court. Legal Counsel A legal advisor is a person who has completed legal advisor training and passed the legal advisor exam, which entitles him or her to provide legal assistance to the full extent, including representing clients before courts and offices. 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Negotiations and mediations: Conducting negotiations between heirs in order to reach an agreement on the division of property, conducting mediation in disputes. Tax optimization: Consulting in the field of tax optimization related to inheritance and management of inheritance assets, assistance in avoiding unfavorable tax consequences. www.adviser.law/en/ Using the services of a lawyer, legal advisor or attorney specializing in inheritance law and property matters is a key step in the inheritance process. Professional legal assistance ensures not only compliance with applicable regulations, but also protection of the client's interests and effective management of inheritance assets. This type of specialist has the knowledge, experience and skills necessary to handle even the most complicated inheritance cases, which allows you to avoid many legal and formal problems. Legal services in personal matters of natural persons Legal services for individuals include a wide range of support and advice on legal issues that may affect everyday life. Lawyers specializing in this field help clients in family, inheritance and property matters, as well as in civil disputes. Professional assistance from a lawyer ensures not only compliance with applicable regulations, but also protection of clients' rights and interests in various life situations. Inheritance law Under inheritance law, lawyers offer comprehensive services related to inheritance and property management after the testator's death. The most important services include: Preparation of wills: Advice on the preparation of wills so that they are legal and effectively protect the interests of heirs. Inheritance proceedings: Representation of clients in court in cases regarding the declaration of inheritance, division of inheritance, invalidation of a will or recognition of an heir as unworthy. Division of inheritance assets: Advice and assistance in the division of assets between heirs, negotiations and mediation in the event of disputes. Tax optimization: Advice on minimizing tax burdens related to inheritance of property. Civil Law Lawyers specializing in civil law help individuals in a wide range of matters related to civil rights and obligations. They offer support in: Agreements and contracts: Preparing, reviewing and negotiating civil law contracts, such as lease, sale, loan, donation or mandate contracts. Protection of personal rights: Representation in matters concerning violation of personal rights, such as good name, privacy or image, as well as in disputes for compensation for such violations. Litigation: Representation in court proceedings involving a variety of civil disputes, including claims for damages, contractual obligations, debt collection claims and property rights matters. Property Law Legal services in the field of property law include advice and legal assistance in matters related to property ownership and management. Lawyers offer support in: Real estate: Advice on purchase, sale, rental and lease transactions of real estate, assistance in matters related to establishing mortgages, analysis of the legal status of real estate and court disputes regarding ownership. Property law: Representation in matters relating to property rights, such as easements, usufruct, pledges and protection of possession. Division of joint property: Assistance in the division of joint property after divorce or separation, advice on the optimal financial and property solution for clients. Summary Legal services for individuals include a wide range of support in personal, family, inheritance, civil and property matters. Specialist assistance from a lawyer ensures the protection of clients' rights and interests and compliance of activities with applicable law. Thanks to professional advice and representation, individuals can effectively manage their legal affairs, avoid mistakes and minimize legal risk. It is worth using the services of an experienced lawyer to be sure that all legal matters will be handled reliably and professionally.

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